ABSTRACT
In the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for the period 2015-2020, an increase in mortality and a decrease in fertility were noted, higher rates of primary morbidity were noted, including in the class of respiratory diseases, 1.4 times higher than in the Russian Federation, while the incidence rate of COVID-19 was higher;higher incidence of digestive diseases was noted (1.7 three times higher than in the Russian Federation). Indicators of primary morbidity of children and adolescents are higher than the total population in almost all classes of diseases for all 6 years of analysis (2015-2020). Differences in the indicators of primary morbidity in the uluses of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) by 3.3 times, which are associated with different availability of medical care in different areas of residence. The information obtained is important for the development of management decisions at the regional level.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The implementation of the major federal projects in the Arctic region of the Russian Federation claims particular attention to the indicators of the quality of life and the state of population health in these regions. Health and demographic indicators can be one of the available tools for public health monitoring. AIM: To analyze the main trends of the health and demographic processes in the arctic regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) over 20 year (2000–2020). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The data of the Territorial Body of the Federal State Statistics Service in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), YARMIATS for 2000–2020 were analyzed. An approximate 95% confidence interval was calculated over 20 years (2000–2019), the average population growth rate was estimated by a chain method for time series (data for 2020 year are presented separately due to the deformation of the pattern of demographic indicators due to the epidemic SARS-CoV-2). A linear regression analysis of IBM SPSS Statistics 26 was performed to assess the birth and mortality rate trends. RESULTS: From 2000–2020, the population of the Arctic region of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) decreased by 22% due to migration and high mortality rates. Deaths by external causes occupy approximately 20% of the structure of the all-cause mortality rate. Dynamically, the decrease in the number of infant mortalities was noticed due to the effective routing of preg-nant women and improvement of the maternity service in the region. CONCLUSION: The analysis of the medical and demographic indicators showed positive and negative trends in the Arctic regions’ public health of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The system of the healthcare organization in the regions is to be im-proved. Also, these regions, which possess all the features of the healthcare systems with low-density population territories, can become a model for the regional and federal projects approbated in the field of Arctic medicine. © Authors, 2022.